- Posted October 06, 2011
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Court seems divided over Miranda rights case
By Jesse J. Holland
Associated Press
WASHINGTON (AP) -- The Supreme Court seemed split Tuesday on whether to require police to read Miranda rights to prison inmates every time they interrogate them about crimes unrelated to their current incarceration.
The high court heard arguments from lawyers from the state of Michigan who want a federal appeals court decision overturning Randall Lee Fields' conviction thrown out.
Fields was serving a 45-day sentence in prison on disorderly conduct charges when a jail guard and sheriff's deputies from Lenawee County, Mich., removed him from his cell and took him to a conference room. The deputies, after telling him several times he was free to leave at any time, then questioned him for seven hours about allegations that he had sexually assaulted a minor. Fields eventually confessed and was charged and convicted of criminal sexual assault.
Fields was then sentenced to 10 to 15 years in prison but appealed the use of his confession, saying that he was never given his Miranda rights on the sexual assault charges.
On appeal, the 6th Circuit Court of Appeals in Cincinnati threw out his confession and conviction, ruling that it is required that police read inmates their Miranda rights anytime they are isolated from the rest of the inmates in situations where they would be likely to incriminate themselves.
This case is another example of the courts' recent struggle to clearly define Miranda rights, which have been litigated since they first came into being in 1966. The courts require police to tell suspects in custody they have the right to remain silent and the right to have a lawyer represent them, even if they can't afford one.
Michigan prosecutors and the Obama administration say the Sixth Circuit's rule is too stringent, saying Fields was told repeatedly that he was free to leave, so he was never in custody as required under the Miranda rules.
The appeals court's rule also will mean even prisoners who want to confess to their crimes will have to be interrupted to be told their Miranda rights, likely depriving prosecutors of confessions to use in court, Michigan Solicitor General John J. Bursch said. The Sixth Circuit's "rule doesn't make sense," he said. "You have to look at all the circumstances."
"It doesn't make any difference that they took him from his cell, he was under compulsion to leave with them and interrogated during the hours when prisoners are ordinarily sleeping?" Justice Ruth Bader Ginsberg said.
"I would submit those are all circumstances that should go into this 'all the circumstances' consideration," Bursch said.
But Fields' lawyer, Elizabeth Jacobs, argued that prosecutors want to get around reading of Miranda rights for prisoners by simply telling them that they are free to end the interrogation when being in prison makes that statement less believable. "A statement that 'you're free to leave,' has less weight'" in prison, she said.
"So whenever a prisoner is isolated and questioned about a crime, no matter where it occurs, the Miranda warning has to be given," Justice Samuel Alito said
Jacobs said yes, adding, "I understand the court's concern that you might lose evidence, but Miranda is going to protect us from false confessions, which is even a greater cost to society than having to give the Miranda rights."
The court will make a decision in the spring.
The case is Howes v. Fields, 10-680.
Published: Thu, Oct 6, 2011
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