The new Human Trafficking Collaborative website at (https://humantrafficking.umich.edu), developed by faculty at the University of Michigan School of Nursing and the U-M Law School, was created to dispel myths about human trafficking and to train health care providers to recognize and treat victims.
Michelle Munro-Kramer, the Suzanne Bellinger Feethan Professor of Nursing at the School of Nursing, and Bridgette Carr, an associate dean and director of the Human Trafficking Clinic at the Law School, developed the project for those who would like to learn more about human trafficking. This forced or compelled service takes two primary forms: labor trafficking and sex trafficking.
There also is a continuing education module that meets state of Michigan training requirements for health care providers and videos documenting survivor and provider experiences.
The module is intended to help health care professionals identify and respond to survivors of human trafficking using a preplanned, comprehensive approach.
Resources include sample screening policies and response procedures, that could be used at a health system level. Website content was informed by a statewide survey of federally qualified health centers, health departments and hospitals.
“We know both from studies and from the experiences of my clients that health care providers are on the frontlines of combating human trafficking,” said Carr, whose law clinic provides free legal services for survivors of trafficking.
“My clients have shared how invisible they feel when they see a health care provider, and on the inside they are screaming for help but say nothing. This training is a tremendous opportunity for us to share our expertise with front-line health care workers in hopes of identifying more victims of human trafficking.”
There are few standards for these trainings, so myths about human trafficking are perpetuated, Munro-Kramer said. For instance, most people believe trafficking begins when someone is kidnapped or forced at gunpoint, but that’s not the case.
Most situations start with a relationship, with the perpetrator building trust. Those targeted are often vulnerable: runaways, homeless, immigrants and people who identify as LGBTQ and are not supported by family or friends.
Then there are prevalence-based trafficking myths. For instance, two different sites list Michigan near the bottom of the worst states for trafficking. But Munro-Kramer said that’s unquantifiable because prevalence data doesn’t exist to determine the real magnitude of trafficking, and the problem remains underresearched and often misunderstood.
“We don’t know how much trafficking occurs in the United States or in Michigan,” Carr said. “Without knowing the baseline prevalence of trafficking, we also can’t know where it is most prevalent or when it spikes.
Anyone who ranks U.S. cities or who claims a certain event––the Super Bowl, the auto show––increases trafficking is spreading misinformation.”
Carr and Munro-Kramer began working together on the issue of human trafficking after they met at a conference in Ethopia in 2015.
“We recognized a shared interest in the comprehensive care––meaning health care, social services, legal assistance, etc.–– of vulnerable populations, particularly human trafficking survivors,” Munro-Kramer said.
Shortly thereafter, U-M nursing alumna Katheryn Soller established a five-year donation to address human trafficking, which outlined a nursing-law school collaboration. Carr and Munro-Kramer have worked together ever since on small studies, an interdisciplinary course, speaking engagements and now the website.
“I am so grateful for the trip to Ethiopia––sadly I don’t know if our paths would have crossed here in Ann Arbor,” Carr said. “Collaborating with Michelle and her colleagues at the School of Nursing has been such a gift.”
All resources at https://humantrafficking.umich.edu are free, or $3 for health care providers who need a certificate for continuing education.
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